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:'''<big>Please keep these annotations SPOILER-FREE by not revealing information from later pages in the novel.</big>'''<p><br>

==Page 273==

'''the electric'''<br>
The Denver Tramway Company, beginning in 1886, operated electric railcars between central Denver and outlying communities. [http://www.denvergov.org/AboutDenver/history_narrative_3.asp Citation]

==Page 274==

'''Arapahoe'''<br>
Since Frank is at the moment in Denver, "on Arapahoe" would mean on Arapahoe Street. From the native tribe. Also a county in eastern CO and a scattering of places in US.

'''the Christian daring of Scarsdale's gesture'''<br>
To outside observers Vibe appears to be turning the other cheek.

'''drygulched'''<br>
Ambushed, betrayed.

'''after Repeal in '93'''<br>
Refers to the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890, which required the U.S. government to purchase an additional 4.5 million ounces of silver bullion every month with notes that could be redeemed for either silver or gold.  Repealed by Congress after the Panic of 1893 to prevent depletion of the country's gold reserves.  [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherman_Silver_Purchase_Act Wikipedia entry].

'''Lake County'''<br>
Colorado county of which Leadville is the county seat.

'''Haw Tabor'''<br>
Horace Tabor, a prospector, businessman, politician, and one of the wealthiest men in Colorado in the 19th Century.  Tabor moved to Denver in 1859, later settling in Leadville in 1877. With the wealth he accumulated from his silver mine, Tabor established newspapers, a bank, and an opera house in Leadville (which still stands), and the Tabor Grand Opera House and the Tabor Block in Denver. In 1878, Tabor was elected Lieutenant Governor of Colorado and served in that post until January 1884. He served as U.S. Senator from Colorado for two months in 1883.  Tabor ran unsuccessfully for Colorado governor in 1884, 1886, and 1888. In 1893, the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act devastated Tabor's fortune and his far-flung holdings were sold off.  He died from appendicitis in 1899, and his legend still persists in Colorado.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace_Tabor Wikipedia entry].

'''Matchless'''<br>
The Matchless Mine in Leadville, formerly owned by Horace Tabor. Oscar Wilde visited the Matchless in 1882. The "widow" is Elizabeth Bonduel McCourt Doe, a/k/a "Baby Doe" Tabor, Horace Tabor's second wife (and his mistress before he married her in 1883). Baby Doe and her stubborn retention of the Matchless Mine is another Colorado legend.  When Horace Tabor fell ill with appendicitis in 1899, his final request of Baby Doe was that she "hold onto the Matchless." This she did, with tragic results.  After living in a shack beside the mine for 36 years, she froze to death one night in March 1935 after she ran out of firewood. Her body was found frozen with her arms crossed peacefully across her chest. After her death, 17 iron trunks that had been placed in storage in Denver were opened, as well as several gunny sacks and four trunks that had been left at St. Vincent’s Hospital in Leadville. All that was left from the Tabor fortune were several bolts of unique, untouched and exquisite cloth, several pieces of china, a tea service and some jewelry, including a diamond and sapphire ring.  Baby Doe's story has inspired numerous works, including a movie and an opera by Douglas Moore, ''The Ballad of Baby Doe.''  More on Baby Doe Tabor, including pictures of the Matchless and the shack she lived and died in, can be found at these links: [http://www.babydoetabor.com/ Baby Doe Tabor.com]; [http://www.babydoe.org/index.php BabyDoe.org]

'''Zinc Rush'''<br>
Leadville had "rushes" on gold, silver, molybdenum, zinc...

'''the best-priced ore to be dug'''<br>
A mining engineer calculates the value of ore as the market price of its valuable constituents minus the cost of mining, concentrating and refining. Zinc metal brings less than gold or silver, but its ore may be attractive if it is rich in zinc and processing costs are low.

'''some bright engineer'''<br>
???

==Page 275==

'''concentrating mills'''<br>
First step in treating ore is concentration or beneficiation: breaking it into small pieces and separating the fragments that contain zinc from those that don't. 

'''Molly-be-damned'''<br>
Molybdenum, which is still mined outside of Leadville.

'''Wren Provenance'''<br>
Let's not forget that one manifestation of  '''V.'''  was Victoria Wren. One could see this as the "provenance of wren?" There appear to be many allusions to '''V.''' in ATD.

'''heaps'''<br>
slag heaps. For their picture see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slag_heap Wikipedia].

'''Sons of Heaven section'''<br>
This is a term for the emperors of China.

==Page 276==

'''Jennie Rogers's House of Mirrors'''<br>
Jennie Rogers (1843-1909) was a notorious Denver madam who built the "House of Mirrors" at 1946 Market Street in Denver in 1889 and ran it until her death in 1909.  The House of Mirrors embodies the Romanesque architecture of the era, and was specifically designed as a bordello.  It was later taken over by the even more notorious Mattie Silks (1846-1929), who operated it until 1915, when it fell victim to so-called "reformers."  The House of Mirrors still stands, and today operates as a bar and restauant.  (This contributor has been drinking there many times.)  More on its history, including pictures, and on the history of Denver's Market Street red-light district, can be found at [http://www.mattieshouseofmirrors.com/index.html this website].

'''dress cavalry helmet'''<br>
A collection of pictures of various dress cavalry helmets can be found here: [http://news.webshots.com/album/165792861CIEtya cavalry helmet pictures].

==Page 277==

'''Aztl&aacute;n'''<br>
Legendary or historical homeland of the Aztecs. Northwestern Mexico up to Utah in some reckonings.

'''He had a passing acquaintance with the Mancos and McElmo country...'''<br>
This is a clear reference to Mesa Verde [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesa_Verde], on the Mancos River between Mancos and Cortez, CO, southwest of Telluride. Pynchon has taken considerable liberties with the history of the area, as recounted by Wren Provenance, although perhaps not with what was known for certain at the time, to perhaps heighten the area's mystery. The Mesa Verde inhabitants had been building pueblos on the mesa from the 7th and 8th centuries, building cliff dwellings from the 9th to the 13th centuries, ranging  far to the north and west for game and firewood. The surface ruins were known from the 1870s; the famous Cliff Palace (shown in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesa_Verde]) was discovered by local ranchers in 1888, and archaeological activities were underway by 1891. By the time the area was made a national park in 1906 it was clear that the cliff dwellings had been relatively rapidly ''abandoned'' in the 13th century. It has never been clear exactly why; theories include drought leading to loss of water and loss of essential firewood (the area is quite cold in winter) to overlogging or fire. Pynchon is accurate in noting evidence of intense fighting among the last cliff dwellers, even cannibalism, in the ruins. 

'''images of creatures'''<br>
The ancient Puebloans of both the Mesa Verde and Chaco centers left numerous images, called petroglyphs [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroglyph], many of which are as eerie as Pynchon suggests here (the Wikipedia article shows Newspaper Rock in Canyonlands National Park in Utah). They include figures of humans and other creatures, and of comets and the 1054 supernova now known as the Crab Nebula (there are more than 14 pages of pictures of ''Pueblo Petroglyphs'' on Google Images: [http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&q=Pueblo+Petroglyphs&btnG=Search+Images]).

==Page 278==

'''If they were the same ones who made the exodus...and became the Aztecs'''<br>
The earliest interpretations of the Pueblo ruins, from those found first, was that these were Aztec ruins, as at Aztec Ruins National Monument in Aztec, NM ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztec_Ruin_National_Monument]). The Puebloans were in contact with mesoamerican civilizations, as indicated by findings of trade goods like parrot feathers, but these were probably traded through intermediaries. In fact, the Mesa Verde inhabitants were the ancestors of the modern Rio Grande Pueblos, e.g. Taos Pueblo ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taos_Pueblo]). 

'''the report'''<br>
???

'''Albany... bar mirror'''<br>
???

'''Booth Virbling'''<br> This seems to be one of Pynchon's made-up names.
As a crime reporter at the time, he was probably given to a heavy use of verbs...warbling verbs, one might say? Booth-- staid place where 'crime reporters' work? Last name pronounced German sounds like "fear bling"?

==Page 279==

'''Bulkley Wells'''<br>
Easier to find under correct spelling Bulkeley. [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0GDX/is_5_75/ai_65277661/pg_13 Here] is an account of some of his activities as mine manager and militia commander.

'''Ice Saw murder'''<br>
I saw murder?..eyewitness.
???

'''sparking'''<br> 
v. tr. "to court or woo".  intr. "to play the suitor"

==Page 280==

'''South Pacific islands'''<br>
Cf Margaret Mead (1901-78), a cultural anthropologist who visited and published extensively on Samoa. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Mead#Coming_of_Age_in_Samoa_and_the_Mead-Freeman_controversy Wikipedia entry]

==Page 281==
[[Image:telluridetoday.gif|thumb|200px|right|Telluride as it appears today ([http://www.hillhaus.com/blog/index.php?blog=7&cat=30 source])]]
'''first city'''<br> 
The first extensive use of the alternating current was in arc lighting, the kind used in street lighting. There is some dispute in histories as to which city was first, but Telluride was among, if not the, first.

'''This Telluride chapter seems to express overtly part of Pynchon's key themes: when electricity hit the streets, it was Hell. Passim 280-281, 
"the end of the world remained a possibility" to explain the unholy radiance [of the arc lighting]. 
Only a 'lunatic' argued it was not too late to turn back. 
And Telluride is where the "owners" who had Webb killed, live.
 
'''"Beside the tracks at one bend stood a local lunatic"'''<br>
Like starting an amusement park ride.

==Page 282==

'''level of hatred'''<br>
Cf capacitance?

'''drifts and stopes'''<br />
A drift is a horizontal or nearly horizontal underground opening. A stope is a usually steplike excavation underground for the removal of ore that is formed as the ore is mined in successive layers.

'''vagging bee'''<br>
"vag" is slang/shorthand for "vagrant"; the word "bee" as used here comes from the English dialect ''been'' or ''bean''. These were variations on ''boon'', once widely used in the sense of “voluntary help, given to a farmer by his neighbors, in time of harvest, haymaking, etc." In the early 1870s, the idea of bee began to be extended to situations that had some kind of communal basis, but weren’t farm work, some pretty sinister such as ''hanging bee'', ''lynching bee'' (this occurs in Mark Twain's ''Huckleberry Finn'') and ''whipping bee''. It is in this sense of a social gathering to perform some task that bee is used in ''Against the Day''. [http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-spe2.htm From World Wide Words]

'''Bob Meldrum'''<br>
"Bad Man" Bob Meldrum served as agent to Pinkerton’s Detective Agency and a watchdog for the big cattle outfits around Little Snake River, gaining a reputation as a mean man with a quick trigger finger. He was rumored to be responsible for over fourteen wanton killings. [http://www.museumnwco.org/lookBackArticle.php?lookBackID=35]

==Page 283==

'''''"joven"'''''<br />
Young fellow (Spanish).

'''Ellmore Disco'''<br />
Elmore = (H)ell More, i.e. More Hell? 
:Possibly also an allusion to Elwood Blues, Dan Akroyd's character in '''The Blues Brothers'''.

'''when it was still Leadville'''<br />
where 'lead' is exchanged in gunfights, as here? Leadville, CO. 

'''Seven-Toed Pete'''<br>
Seven Card Stud

==Page 284==

'''battered 'from the day''''

'''thunderstorm-proof mayonnaise'''<br>
Mayo is a Pynchon leitmotif. There is a folk belief that mayonnaise spoils and becomes toxic when a thunderstorm occurs.

'''jaconet... tartalan... crepe liss&eacute;'''<br>
jaconet 1.a soft, white, lightweight cotton textile 2. cotton cloth glazed on one side and dyed

'''Liberty's of London'''<br>
A famous department store in Regent Street, London, notable for its prints and fabrics. Opened in 1875 in a mock-Tudor building.

'''Grand Rapids style'''<br>
A simple, non-ornamental design style of furniture, with heavy emphasis
on office furniture. Mostly oak, it seems.  From the 1860's, the office furniture was "mass-produced", whatever that means for the times. A kind of furniture allowing no "moral turpitude", as one online remark has it. (see Time.com use in 1978 below!)
Grand Rapids was a furniture center and major location for regular furniture exhibitions for decades before and after the time of ATD. Source: Grand Rapids Public Library catalog, passim.
:"The rooms are furnished in Grand Rapids style. The beds have pallets, but no springs, no Western-style mattresses, no top sheets; maid service consists of dumping a clean sheet and a blanket on the bed, to be made up by the guest."
:---Time.com...1978...on certain hotel rooms in China.

'''Four Corners Boys'''<br>
Deuce and Sloat? Perhaps nicknamed so after what they did to Lake on page 269: "They took her down to the Four Corners..."

==Page 285==

'''million apiece'''<br>
From 1900, a million dollars would have the value of @20 to 23 million in 2005, depending on ways of measuring purchasing value. It would have over $100 million dollars in value, measured against the worker's average wage at the time.  See [http://www.measuringworth.com/ Measuring Worth site].

'''music-hall Chinese'''<br>
What the hell is up with Pynchon's perennial mentions of China and Chinese?

'''...it's out with that wackyzacky...'''<br />
The 'wakizashi' is a Japanese sword - 12 to 24 inches - often worn by a Samurai together with a Katana - another sword - and the two together are then called a Daish or somesuch. Although it would appear that this sword would have sometimes been used during Hara Kiri it is not the normal Hara Kiri weapon. That is usually a short - 6 to 12 inches long - double edged knife/sword called a Tant.'<br>

'''hari-kari'''<br />
Japanes: ''belly cutting''. Properly ''harakiri,'' but the distorted rhyming form has been in colloquial English for a long time.
What became a ritualised form of suicide in Japan chiefly amongst the nobility. It was sometimes offered to a nobleman as an honorable alternative to execution. A short knife or sword is plunged into the abdomen, drawn through and across the bowel laterally, with a small upwards twist at the end. Now extremely rare in Japan. More commonly referred to by the Chinese name for belly cutting - ''Seppuku'' - because eventually the Ritual was seen as being somewhat distastaeful, even dishonourable

'''Cal Rutan'''<br>
[[image:cal-rutan.jpg|thumb|Cal Rutan, on the left|right]]J. Calvin ("Cal") Rutan was the Telluride County sheriff during the labor struggles of 1902-1904.

==Page 286==

'''menudo'''<br>
Mexican tripe soup, so peppery it should come with a warning placard.

'''Loomis'''<br>
Loomis Disco.

'''lowland alkali'''<br>
Any of various soluble mineral salts found in natural water and arid soils. And 'lowlands' are good places in Pynchon's vision.

'''hardpan'''<br>
A bedrock, foundation. Hard, unbroken ground. A layer of hard subsoil or clay, also called caliche.

==Page 287==

'''chicharrones'''<br>
Fried pork skins.

'''''Ristras'''''  '''of .... dark purple chilies'''<br>
Strings of .... dried red peppers.

'''tortas'''<br>
Mexican sandwiches.

'''tamales'''<br>
Cornmeal paste wrapped in corn or banana husks and stuffed with chicken, pork or turkey and/or vegetables, then steamed.

'''sixty-degree wedges'''<br>
One-sixth of a pie.

'''''Por poco te falt&oacute; La Blanca'''''<br>
Spanish: You just missed La Blanca.

==Page 288==

'''Montrose'''<br>
A city on Colorado's Western Slope.  [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montrose%2C_Colorado Wikipedia entry].

'''popcorn snows'''<br>
Apparently an informal meteorological term for giant snowflakes.[http://www.google.com/search?num=100&q=popcorn.snow&as_brr=0&sa=N&tab=pw Google]

The popcorn snows were first mentioned in L. Frank Baum's ''The Scarecrow of Oz'' (1915): 'In the Land of Mo the snow's made of popcorn, not frozen water crystals as it is in other places.' [http://www.halcyon.com/piglet/oziana/oz0726.htm Popcorn Snows]. 
Of course, Mr. Baum also wrote the classic ''The Wonderful Wizard of Oz'' (1900).

'''vanning'''<br>
in context, 'a winnowing device". Archaic, from American Heritage Dictionary.

'''''comal'''''<br>
A Mexican style skillet, usually made of cast iron in round or oval shape.

==Page 289==

'''''Pobrecito'''''<br>
Poor little boy.

'''half a cubic foot'''<br>
12" by 12" by 6".

==Page 290==

'''miner's gad'''<br>
According to the OED, "1. a steel wedge, 2. a small iron punch with a wooden handle used to break up ore."

'''McBryan's'''<br>
???

'''trick animal'''<br>
???

==Page 291==

'''''seguro'''''<br>
sure.

'''parlor houses'''<br>
Brothels.

'''Cosmopolitan'''<br>
Cf p260.

'''bullion day'''<br>
4th of July ?

'''Mr. Edison's scheme... static electricity'''<br>
???

'''Wetherill's magnet'''<br>
If electric, that's Kit's domain.

==Page 292==
[[Image:bellows.jpg|thumb|right|A bellows camera (although not a Kodak from the time)]]

'''pocket Kodak'''<br>
Possibly  the "No. 3 Folding Pocket KODAK Camera" produced by Eastman Kodak from 1900 to 1915.

'''Hieronymus Wheel'''<br>
Seems to describe a roulette wheel. Google and the OED turn up nothing on "Hieronymus Wheel," but Pynchon's bizarre choice of language obviously suggests the Dutch painter, Hieronymus Bosch (c. 1450-1516). [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronymus_Bosch Wikipedia entry]. Perhaps Pynchon alludes to a certain wheel in a Bosch painting? Bosch's "Circle of Hell" depicts a wheel coming out of (or going into) the mouth of a fishlike creature, but that doesn't really make sense of the term, either. See [[Talk:ATD_273-295|discussion page 273-295]] 

'''Dieter'''<br>
Oldfashioned German first name. Pronunciation: [diːtər]. Short for Dietrich. Popular male name in Germany after WWII.
:Since "Dieter" is "the barkeep" the English word ''dieter'' for someone who prescibes a diet comes to mind.
::Seems like a stretch. [[User:Bleakhaus|Bleakhaus]] 13:28, 5 February 2007 (PST)
Possibly a reference to H. Dieter Zeh [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._Dieter_Zeh]and his "Many Minds" interpretation of the multiverse issue   [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Many-minds_interpretation].[[User:Bklyn48|Bklyn48]] 19:37, 1 January 2007 (PST) 
:How so? [[User:Bleakhaus|Bleakhaus]] 13:28, 5 February 2007 (PST)

'''bellows'''<br>
For explanation, see [http://licm.org.uk/livingImage/BellowsCamera.html Bellows Camera].

==Page 293==

'''Japanese'''<br>
Sumimasen = "Pardon me" or "Excuse me"<br>
Bobusan desu = This is Bob<br> 
Gonnusuringaa = "gunslinger"<br>
mottomo abunai desu = he is extremely dangerous <br>
Anna koto! = That sort of thing!

'''fulgurescence'''<br>
n : an emission in flashes or sparks, like lightning. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstruse_topics_in_Pynchon's_Against_the_Day#Abstruse_words]

'''profanity... much of it in Japanese'''<br>
The Japanese language has little profanity in the Western sense: words considered vulgar and which cannot be spoken in polite company. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_profanity#Japanese Wikipedia entry on Profanity in Japanese] 

'''"The loss of clarity . . . . in the dark"'''<br>
See the note for Hieronymous wheel in [[Talk:ATD_273-295|discussion]]. If the "Hieronymous wheel" refers to a Bosch painting, perhaps this scene continues some kind fo parallel to Hell or something else. The painting includes several unknown creatures, including a barrel with legs, while “thrashed about” suggests the central fish monster image of the painting.
:Cf., also, p. 221, "Lateral world-sets, other parts of the Creation, lie all around us, each with its crossover points or gates of transfer from one to another, and they can be anywhere, really . . . . An unscheduled Explosion, introduced into the accustomed flow of the day, may easily open, now and then, passages to elsewhere," as well as p. 230, "'Let us imagine a lateral world, set only infintesimally to the side of the one we think we know.'"
::Cf., also the transdimensional travel of Buckaroo Bonzai in the Pynchon inspired film, ''The Adventures of Buckaroo Bonzai Across the 8th Dimension'' (1984),  especially the images of 8th-Dimensional creatures that Bonzai sees as he passes through the mountain. [http://imdb.com/title/tt0086856/ IMDB entry].
::Cf., further, the notion of a "multiverse," that is, a physical ur-structure, comprised of many, if not infinite universes, of which ours is only one. Several contemporary cosmological theories require that a multiverse exist, though its existence remains highly conjectural. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiverse Wikipedia entry].

'''packing out pyrites'''<br>
Mining fool's gold.

'''katana'''<br>
Japanese samurai sword.

==Page 294==

'''Baron Akashi'''<br>
A Japanese general whose career included spying, but, anachronistically, his career did not begin until 1889. He was a spy in Europe during Russo-Japanese War (1904-05). So would he've been famous even to the lengths of backwoods CO? How much spyin' can a poor boy do if he's famous?
:Baron Akashi himself was famous, but his sidekick was not.  The former didn't show up at Telluride but the latter did as 'some li'l laundry runner'.

'''planning a hoist'''<br>
''Heist'' is now universal, but originally it was a dialect form of ''hoist.''

'''Squirrel and sarsaparilla'''<br>
Squirrel Whiskey and Sarsaparilla Soda. Squirrel whiskey was so called because it was supposedly so strong it would drive its drinkers up a tree. Sarsparilla, by contrast, is derived from the roots of the Sarsparilla tree.

==Page 295==

'''summer of '89'''<br>
Butch Cassidy and his accomplices robbed the San Miguel Valley Bank in Telluride on 24 June 1889 ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butch_Cassidy#1889.E2.80.931894_.E2.80.94_early_robberies.2C_going_to_prison Wikipedia])

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